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Edexcel IGCSE Maths (4MA1) · Unit 3: Equations & Sequences

IGCSE Maths Completing the Square Questions and Answers

Completing the Square questions with full solutions for Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1), Higher tier. Read the 2 worked examples first, then try the 3 exam-style questions yourself and check your working against the mark scheme.

Practise completing the square in Unit 3 →Completing the Square revision notes

What this topic covers

Completing the Square worked examples

Worked example 1: Completing the square

Write \(x^2+14x+20\) in the form \((x+p)^2+q\).

Solution

  1. Halve 14: \((x+7)^2=x^2+14x+49\).
  2. \(x^2+14x+20=(x+7)^2-49+20\).
  3. \(=(x+7)^2-29\).

Answer: \((x+7)^2-29\)

Tip: The turning point of \(y=(x+7)^2-29\) is \((-7,\ -29)\).

Worked example 2: Completing the square with a ≠ 1

Write \(3x^2+12x-5\) in the form \(a(x+b)^2+c\).

Solution

  1. Factor 3 from the \(x\) terms: \(3(x^2+4x)-5\).
  2. \(x^2+4x=(x+2)^2-4\).
  3. \(3(x+2)^2-12-5=3(x+2)^2-17\).

Answer: \(3(x+2)^2-17\)

Tip: Remember to multiply the −4 by 3.

Completing the Square exam-style questions

Try each question before you open the answer. The mark schemes use Edexcel-style marks: M for method, A for accuracy (after the method mark), B for an independent result.

Question 1 · easy · 2 marks

Write \(x^2+6x+11\) in the form \((x+p)^2+q\).

Show the answer and mark scheme
  • M1 (x + 3)² seen
  • A1 (x + 3)² + 2

Answer: \((x+3)^2+2\)

Question 2 · medium · 2 marks

Write \(x^2+5x-2\) in the form \((x+p)^2+q\).

Show the answer and mark scheme
  • M1 (x + 5/2)² seen
  • A1 (x + 5/2)² − 33/4 oe

Answer: \(\left(x+\tfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\tfrac{33}{4}\)

Question 3 · hard · 3 marks

Find the minimum value of \(x^2+3x+5\) and the value of \(x\) at which it occurs.

Show the answer and mark scheme
  • M1 (x + 3/2)² seen
  • A1 (x + 3/2)² + 11/4
  • A1 minimum 11/4 when x = −3/2

Answer: Minimum value \(\tfrac{11}{4}\) when \(x=-\tfrac{3}{2}\)

Every question and worked example here is original, written for IGCSE Math Revision rather than copied from Pearson papers, and each answer was re-solved independently before publishing.

Revise completing the square for the exam

Questions students ask

Which Edexcel IGCSE Maths papers test completing the square?

Either Higher tier paper, 1H or 2H, can test completing the square: both cover the whole Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Mathematics A (4MA1) specification and both allow a calculator. Show your method, because most marks are for working.

Where can I practise more completing the square questions?

In the IGCSE student hub: Unit 3 (Equations & Sequences) has more exam-style questions on this topic, each with a mark scheme. Practice starts with a 7-day free trial; the worked examples and questions on this page are free.

More Unit 3 topics: Equations & Sequences